{"id":8420,"date":"2022-07-14T20:01:48","date_gmt":"2022-07-15T03:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/?page_id=8420"},"modified":"2022-07-20T21:24:00","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T04:24:00","slug":"8420-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/science-10\/unit-4-the-formation-of-the-universe-can-be-explained-by-the-big-bang-theory\/8420-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sc. 10_U4:  Part 2_The parts of the Universe change"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Learning Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>At the end of this Section you should be able to:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Define universe and describe the evolution of human understanding of the universe.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Guiding Question:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Is there more than one universe? Are there multiverses?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Consider the following:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Some scientists think there may be more than one universe. This idea is called the multiverse hypothesis.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The study of the universe is called cosmology. Cosmologists study the structure and changes in the present universe.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The universe contains all of the star systems, galaxies, gas, and dust, plus all the matter and energy that exists now, that existed in the past, and that will exist in the future. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The universe includes all space and time.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Start Here:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Step 1:\u00a0 Watch the following video and learn about cosmology (with Professor Dave)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0L_MvPLspdg\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>Use the following learning links to learn more about how the Components of the Universe have changed over time<\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Part 1 <\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><strong>Learning Links<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h3>Stars: How Old is our Sun?<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gaOPDk8Xbgw\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/0B3EbWHKwTyj2Q0R1SEVtMEVnQ0k\/view?usp=sharing&amp;resourcekey=0-FNhxWFlCEt-nNbS7qas8xA\">Lab reading assignment for scientific principles<\/a><\/h4>\n<h3><strong>Activities and Projects<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Activity 1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong>Make a Jelly Bean Universe<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UDfG69K5t6k\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>The jar below represents all the matter in the Universe. The coloured jellybeans are the matter we know and understand \u2013 all the protons, neutrons, and the like. The rest of the jar, the black jellybeans, represent the stuff we don\u2019t understand \u2013 the dark matter and dark energy.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/users\/259975\/files\/12250498\/preview?verifier=i5zPcdhI7RLecXnFRLx2rlTmK3uSjusuYXXyyAcq\" alt=\"edu_make_a_jellybean_universe.png\" width=\"307\" height=\"308\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/users\/259975\/files\/12250498\" data-api-returntype=\"File\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The graph below shows the composition of the entire Universe.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/users\/259975\/files\/12257971\/preview?verifier=21guEi83JI1zcckfADoa8nnbzuITMGPeHA1Zb2nB\" alt=\"dark-matter-energy.jpg\" width=\"366\" height=\"275\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/users\/259975\/files\/12257971\" data-api-returntype=\"File\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"instructure_file_link\" title=\"DarkMatterInfoNote_2017.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/courses\/52924\/files\/12258003\/download?wrap=1\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/52924\/files\/12258003\" data-api-returntype=\"File\"><strong>Student Information Handout (SNOLAB)\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dark Matter<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In 1933 astronomer\u00a0<a title=\"More information on Fritz Zwicky\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amnh.org\/education\/resources\/\/rfl\/web\/essaybooks\/cosmic\/p_zwicky.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fritz Zwicky<\/a>\u00a0at\u00a0<a title=\"Caltech's astronomy department\" href=\"http:\/\/www.astro.caltech.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Caltech<\/a>\u00a0was looking at the rotational speed of galaxies in a cluster called the\u00a0<a title=\"More information on the Coma cluster\" href=\"http:\/\/www.solstation.com\/x-objects\/coma-sc.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coma cluster\u00a0<\/a>and noticed that galaxies were rotating much faster than they should have been \u2013 something invisible was causing a gravitational force that kept them moving faster than they should have done. This effect is observed throughout the Universe and we now call this invisible something\u00a0<a title=\"More information on dark matter\" href=\"http:\/\/xrtpub.harvard.edu\/xray_astro\/dark_matter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Dark Matter<\/em><\/a>. And we have no idea what it is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dark Energy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In 1998 astronomers from the\u00a0<a title=\"SCP homepage\" href=\"http:\/\/supernova.lbl.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Supernova Cosmology Project<\/a>\u00a0at\u00a0<a title=\"LBL website\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lbl.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory<\/a>\u00a0noticed that the further away a supernova was, the faster it was moving away \u2013 basically, the expansion of the universe was accelerating! There was no explanation for this: the solution was\u00a0<a title=\"More information on Dark Energy\" href=\"http:\/\/physicsworld.com\/cws\/article\/print\/19419\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Dark Energy<\/em><\/a>. And again, we have no idea what it is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>But\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s worth bearing in mind that Dark Matter and Dark Energy are just ideas; we don\u2019t know for certain that they exist or that they\u2019re the solution to the problems mentioned above; there\u2019s no guarantee that what\u2019s called the\u00a0<a title=\"More information on Lambda-CDM model\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lambda-CDM_model\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">?The CDM model<\/a>\u00a0of the Universe is even correct! There could be something else entirely at work!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Learn what a Jelly Bean Universe is:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/users\/259975\/files\/12282615\/preview?verifier=LiRsMV3ia1KFre1ujEqZEj8hYX4FMWGe0bv1U5lq\" alt=\"dark-matter-infographic-STFC-UK.png\" width=\"585\" height=\"826\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/users\/259975\/files\/12282615\" data-api-returntype=\"File\" \/><\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><strong>Activity 2:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><a class=\"instructure_file_link\" title=\"Sc. 10 Unit 4- Part 2- Hertzsprung Russell _diagram_ws.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263479\/download?wrap=1\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263479\" data-api-returntype=\"File\"><strong>Create a Star Graph &#8211; Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"instructure_file_link\" title=\"Sc. 10 Unit 4- Hertzsprung-Russell_diagram_ws_key.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263485\/download?wrap=1\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263485\" data-api-returntype=\"File\"><strong>Mark the Star Graph &#8211; Student Assessment\/Key for Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Learn about how to map Everything in Space:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Activity 3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"instructure_file_link\" title=\"Sc. 10 Unit 4- Part 2 The-Signature-of-the-Stars-student-copy-1.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/courses\/52924\/files\/12291473\/download?wrap=1\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/52924\/files\/12291473\" data-api-returntype=\"File\"><strong>Learn about the &#8220;Signature of the Stars &#8211; flame test &amp; absorption spectrum&#8221;\u00a0 Student Copy<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Activity 4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"instructure_file_link\" title=\"Sc. 10 Unit 4 - Big Bang stars_galaxies_universe_packet.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263487\/download?wrap=1\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.sfu.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/52924\/files\/12263487\" data-api-returntype=\"File\"><strong>Section Review: Review what you know about the &#8220;Stars, Galaxies and the Universe -Big Bang to Hubbles Law&#8221;<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learning Objectives At the end of this Section you should be able to: Define universe and describe the evolution of human understanding of the universe. Guiding Question:\u00a0 Is there more than one universe? Are there multiverses? Consider the following:\u00a0 Some &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/science-10\/unit-4-the-formation-of-the-universe-can-be-explained-by-the-big-bang-theory\/8420-2\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":519,"featured_media":0,"parent":3834,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8420"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/519"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8420"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8446,"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8420\/revisions\/8446"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/sd41blogs.ca\/ignasv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}